# Semantic conventions for database calls and systems

LLMS index: [llms.txt](/llms.txt)

---

**Status**: [Mixed][DocumentStatus]

This document defines semantic conventions for database client spans as well as
database metrics and logs.

> [!IMPORTANT]
>
> Existing database instrumentations that are using
> [v1.24.0 of this document](https://github.com/open-telemetry/semantic-conventions/blob/v1.24.0/docs/database/database-spans.md)
> (or prior):
>
> * SHOULD NOT change the version of the database conventions that they emit by
>   default in their existing major version. Conventions include (but are not
>   limited to) attributes, metric and span names, and unit of measure.
> * SHOULD introduce an environment variable `OTEL_SEMCONV_STABILITY_OPT_IN`
>   in their existing major version as a comma-separated list of category-specific values
>   (e.g., http, databases, messaging). The list of values includes:
>   * `database` - emit the stable database conventions, and stop emitting
>     the experimental database conventions that the instrumentation emitted
>     previously.
>   * `database/dup` - emit both the experimental and stable database conventions,
>     allowing for a phased rollout of the stable semantic conventions.
>   * The default behavior (in the absence of one of these values) is to continue
>     emitting whatever version of the old experimental database conventions
>     the instrumentation was emitting previously.
>   * Note: `database/dup` has higher precedence than `database` in case both values are present
> * SHOULD maintain (security patching at a minimum) their existing major version
>   for at least six months after it starts emitting both sets of conventions.
> * MAY drop the environment variable in their next major version and emit only
>   the stable database conventions.

Semantic conventions for database operations are defined for the following signals:

* [DB Spans](database-spans.md): Semantic Conventions for database client *spans*.
* [DB Metrics](database-metrics.md): Semantic Conventions for database operation *metrics*.
* [DB Exceptions](database-exceptions.md): Semantic Conventions for database client *exceptions*.

Technology specific semantic conventions are defined for the following databases:

* [AWS DynamoDB](dynamodb.md): Semantic Conventions for *AWS DynamoDB*.
* [Cassandra](cassandra.md): Semantic Conventions for *Cassandra*.
* [Azure Cosmos DB](cosmosdb.md): Semantic Conventions for *Azure Cosmos DB*.
* [CouchDB](couchdb.md): Semantic Conventions for *CouchDB*.
* [Elasticsearch](elasticsearch.md): Semantic Conventions for *Elasticsearch*.
* [HBase](hbase.md): Semantic Conventions for *HBase*.
* [MongoDB](mongodb.md): Semantic Conventions for *MongoDB*.
* [Microsoft SQL Server](sql-server.md): Semantic Conventions for *Microsoft SQL Server*.
* [Oracle Database](oracledb.md): Semantic Conventions for *Oracle Database*.
* [Redis](redis.md): Semantic Conventions for *Redis*.
* [SQL](sql.md): Semantic Conventions for *SQL* databases.

[DocumentStatus]: /docs/specs/otel/document-status

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Section pages:

- [Semantic conventions for Cassandra client operations](/docs/specs/semconv/db/cassandra/)
- [Semantic conventions for Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB client operations](/docs/specs/semconv/db/cosmosdb/)
- [Semantic conventions for CouchDB client operations](/docs/specs/semconv/db/couchdb/)
- [Semantic conventions for AWS DynamoDB client operations](/docs/specs/semconv/db/dynamodb/)
- [Semantic conventions for Elasticsearch client operations](/docs/specs/semconv/db/elasticsearch/)
- [Semantic conventions for database exceptions](/docs/specs/semconv/db/database-exceptions/)
- [Semantic conventions for HBase client operations](/docs/specs/semconv/db/hbase/)
- [Semantic conventions for MariaDB client operations](/docs/specs/semconv/db/mariadb/)
- [Semantic conventions for database client metrics](/docs/specs/semconv/db/database-metrics/)
- [Semantic conventions for MongoDB client operations](/docs/specs/semconv/db/mongodb/)
- [Semantic conventions for MySQL client operations](/docs/specs/semconv/db/mysql/)
- [Semantic conventions for Oracle Database](/docs/specs/semconv/db/oracledb/)
- [Semantic conventions for PostgreSQL client operations](/docs/specs/semconv/db/postgresql/)
- [Semantic conventions for Redis client operations](/docs/specs/semconv/db/redis/)
- [Semantic conventions for database client spans](/docs/specs/semconv/db/database-spans/)
- [Semantic conventions for SQL databases client operations](/docs/specs/semconv/db/sql/)
- [Semantic conventions for Microsoft SQL Server client operations](/docs/specs/semconv/db/sql-server/)