Exporters

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OpenTelemetryコレクターにテレメトリーを送信し、正しくエクスポートされることを確認してください。本番環境でコレクターを使用することはベストプラクティスです。テレメトリーを可視化するために、Jaeger、Zipkin、 Prometheus、またはベンダー固有のようなバックエンドにエクスポートしてください。

使用可能なエクスポーター

レジストリには、.NET 用のエクスポーターのリストが含まれています。

エクスポーターの中でも、OpenTelemetry Protocol (OTLP)エクスポーターは、OpenTelemetryのデータモデルを考慮して設計されており、OTelデータを情報の損失なく出力します。さらに、多くのテレメトリデータを扱うツールがOTLPに対応しており（たとえば、Prometheus、Jaegerやほとんどのベンダー）、必要なときに高い柔軟性を提供します。 OTLPについて詳細に学習したい場合は、OTLP仕様を参照してください。

このページでは、主要なOpenTelemetry .NET エクスポーターとその設定方法について説明します。

注意

[ゼロコード計装](/docs/zero-code/{{ $l }})を使用している場合は、[設定ガイド](/docs/zero-code/{{ $l }}/configuration/)に従ってエクスポーターの設定方法を学ぶことができます。

OTLP

コレクターのセットアップ

注意

OTLPコレクターまたはバックエンドがすでにセットアップされている場合は、このセクションをスキップして、アプリケーション用のOTLPエクスポーター依存関係のセットアップに進むことができます。

OTLPエクスポーターを試し、検証するために、テレメトリーを直接コンソールに書き込むDockerコンテナでコレクターを実行できます。空のディレクトリで、以下の内容でcollector-config.yamlというファイルを作成します。

receivers:
  otlp:
    protocols:
      grpc:
        endpoint: 0.0.0.0:4317
      http:
        endpoint: 0.0.0.0:4318
exporters:
  debug:
    verbosity: detailed
service:
  pipelines:
    traces:
      receivers: [otlp]
      exporters: [debug]
    metrics:
      receivers: [otlp]
      exporters: [debug]
    logs:
      receivers: [otlp]
      exporters: [debug]

次に、Docker コンテナでコレクターを実行します。

docker run -p 4317:4317 -p 4318:4318 --rm -v $(pwd)/collector-config.yaml:/etc/otelcol/config.yaml otel/opentelemetry-collector

このコレクターは、OTLPを介してテレメトリーを受け取ることができるようになりました。後で、テレメトリーを監視バックエンドに送信するためにコレクターを設定することもできます。

Dependencies

If you want to send telemetry data to an OTLP endpoint (like the OpenTelemetry Collector, Jaeger or Prometheus), you can choose between two different protocols to transport your data:

HTTP/protobuf
gRPC

Start by installing the OpenTelemetry.Exporter.OpenTelemetryProtocol package as a dependency for your project:

dotnet add package OpenTelemetry.Exporter.OpenTelemetryProtocol

If you’re using ASP.NET Core install the OpenTelemetry.Extensions.Hosting package as well:

dotnet add package OpenTelemetry.Extensions.Hosting

Usage

ASP.NET Core

Configure the exporters in your ASP.NET Core services:

var builder = WebApplication.CreateBuilder(args);

builder.Services.AddOpenTelemetry()
    .WithTracing(tracing => tracing
        // The rest of your setup code goes here
        .AddOtlpExporter())
    .WithMetrics(metrics => metrics
        // The rest of your setup code goes here
        .AddOtlpExporter());

builder.Logging.AddOpenTelemetry(logging => {
    // The rest of your setup code goes here
    logging.AddOtlpExporter();
});

This will, by default, send telemetry using gRPC to http://localhost:4317, to customize this to use HTTP and the protobuf format, you can add options like this:

var builder = WebApplication.CreateBuilder(args);

builder.Services.AddOpenTelemetry()
    .WithTracing(tracing => tracing
        // The rest of your setup code goes here
        .AddOtlpExporter(options =>
        {
            options.Endpoint = new Uri("your-endpoint-here/v1/traces");
            options.Protocol = OtlpExportProtocol.HttpProtobuf;
        }))
    .WithMetrics(metrics => metrics
        // The rest of your setup code goes here
        .AddOtlpExporter(options =>
        {
            options.Endpoint = new Uri("your-endpoint-here/v1/metrics");
            options.Protocol = OtlpExportProtocol.HttpProtobuf;
        }));

builder.Logging.AddOpenTelemetry(logging => {
    // The rest of your setup code goes here
    logging.AddOtlpExporter(options =>
    {
        options.Endpoint = new Uri("your-endpoint-here/v1/logs");
        options.Protocol = OtlpExportProtocol.HttpProtobuf;
    });
});

Non-ASP.NET Core

Configure the exporter when creating a TracerProvider, MeterProvider or LoggerFactory:

var tracerProvider = Sdk.CreateTracerProviderBuilder()
    // Other setup code, like setting a resource goes here too
    .AddOtlpExporter(options =>
    {
        options.Endpoint = new Uri("your-endpoint-here/v1/traces");
        options.Protocol = OtlpExportProtocol.HttpProtobuf;
    })
    .Build();

var meterProvider = Sdk.CreateMeterProviderBuilder()
    // Other setup code, like setting a resource goes here too
    .AddOtlpExporter(options =>
    {
        options.Endpoint = new Uri("your-endpoint-here/v1/metrics");
        options.Protocol = OtlpExportProtocol.HttpProtobuf;
    })
    .Build();

var loggerFactory = LoggerFactory.Create(builder =>
{
    builder.AddOpenTelemetry(logging =>
    {
        logging.AddOtlpExporter(options =>
        {
            options.Endpoint = new Uri("your-endpoint-here/v1/logs");
            options.Protocol = OtlpExportProtocol.HttpProtobuf;
        })
    });
});

Use environment variables to set values like headers and an endpoint URL for production.

Console

Dependencies

The console exporter is useful for development and debugging tasks, and is the simplest to set up. Start by installing the OpenTelemetry.Exporter.Console package as a dependency for your project:

dotnet add package OpenTelemetry.Exporter.Console

If you’re using ASP.NET Core install the OpenTelemetry.Extensions.Hosting package as well:

dotnet add package OpenTelemetry.Extensions.Hosting

Usage

ASP.NET Core

Configure the exporter in your ASP.NET Core services:

var builder = WebApplication.CreateBuilder(args);

builder.Services.AddOpenTelemetry()
    .WithTracing(tracing => tracing
        // The rest of your setup code goes here
        .AddConsoleExporter()
    )
    .WithMetrics(metrics => metrics
        // The rest of your setup code goes here
        .AddConsoleExporter()
    );

builder.Logging.AddOpenTelemetry(logging => {
    // The rest of your setup code goes here
    logging.AddConsoleExporter();
});

Non-ASP.NET Core

Configure the exporter when creating a TracerProvider, MeterProvider or LoggerFactory:

var tracerProvider = Sdk.CreateTracerProviderBuilder()
    // The rest of your setup code goes here
    .AddConsoleExporter()
    .Build();

var meterProvider = Sdk.CreateMeterProviderBuilder()
    // The rest of your setup code goes here
    .AddConsoleExporter()
    .Build();

var loggerFactory = LoggerFactory.Create(builder =>
{
    builder.AddOpenTelemetry(logging =>
    {
        logging.AddConsoleExporter();
    });
});

Jaeger

Backend Setup

Jaeger natively supports OTLP to receive trace data. You can run Jaeger in a docker container with the UI accessible on port 16686 and OTLP enabled on ports 4317 and 4318:

docker run --rm \
  -e COLLECTOR_ZIPKIN_HOST_PORT=:9411 \
  -p 16686:16686 \
  -p 4317:4317 \
  -p 4318:4318 \
  -p 9411:9411 \
  jaegertracing/all-in-one:latest

Usage

Now following the instruction to setup the OTLP exporters.

Prometheus

To send your metric data to Prometheus, you can either enable Prometheus’ OTLP Receiver and use the OTLP exporter or you can use the Prometheus exporter, a MetricReader that starts an HTTP server that collects metrics and serialize to Prometheus text format on request.

Backend Setup

Note

If you have Prometheus or a Prometheus-compatible backend already set up, you can skip this section and setup the Prometheus or OTLP exporter dependencies for your application.

You can run Prometheus in a docker container, accessible on port 9090 by following these instructions:

Create a file called prometheus.yml with the following content:

scrape_configs:
  - job_name: dice-service
    scrape_interval: 5s
    static_configs:
      - targets: [host.docker.internal:9464]

Run Prometheus in a docker container with the UI accessible on port 9090:

docker run --rm -v ${PWD}/prometheus.yml:/prometheus/prometheus.yml -p 9090:9090 prom/prometheus --enable-feature=otlp-write-receive

Note

When using Prometheus’ OTLP Receiver, make sure that you set the OTLP endpoint for metrics in your application to http://localhost:9090/api/v1/otlp.

Not all docker environments support host.docker.internal. In some cases you may need to replace host.docker.internal with localhost or the IP address of your machine.

Dependencies

Install the exporter package as a dependency for your application:

dotnet add package OpenTelemetry.Exporter.Prometheus.AspNetCore --version 1.12.0-beta.1

If you’re using ASP.NET Core install the OpenTelemetry.Extensions.Hosting package as well:

dotnet add package OpenTelemetry.Extensions.Hosting

Usage

ASP.NET Core

Configure the exporter in your ASP.NET Core services:

var builder = WebApplication.CreateBuilder(args);

builder.Services.AddOpenTelemetry()
    .WithMetrics(metrics => metrics.AddPrometheusExporter());

You’ll then need to add the endpoint so that Prometheus can scrape your site. You can do this using the IAppBuilder extension like this:

var builder = WebApplication.CreateBuilder(args);

// .. Setup

var app = builder.Build();

app.UseOpenTelemetryPrometheusScrapingEndpoint();

await app.RunAsync();

Non-ASP.NET Core

Warning

This component is intended for dev inner-loop, there is no plan to make it production ready. Production environments should use OpenTelemetry.Exporter.Prometheus.AspNetCore, or a combination of OpenTelemetry.Exporter.OpenTelemetryProtocol and OpenTelemetry Collector.

For applications not using ASP.NET Core, you can use the HttpListener version which is available in a different package:

dotnet add package OpenTelemetry.Exporter.Prometheus.HttpListener --version 1.12.0-beta.1

Then this is setup directly on the MeterProviderBuilder:

var meterProvider = Sdk.CreateMeterProviderBuilder()
    .AddMeter(MyMeter.Name)
    .AddPrometheusHttpListener(
        options => options.UriPrefixes = new string[] { "http://localhost:9464/" })
    .Build();

Finally, register the Prometheus scraping middleware using the UseOpenTelemetryPrometheusScrapingEndpoint extension method on IApplicationBuilder :

var builder = WebApplication.CreateBuilder(args);
var app = builder.Build();
app.UseOpenTelemetryPrometheusScrapingEndpoint();

For more details on configuring the Prometheus exporter, see OpenTelemetry.Exporter.Prometheus.AspNetCore.

Zipkin

Backend Setup

Note

If you have Zipkin or a Zipkin-compatible backend already set up, you can skip this section and setup the Zipkin exporter dependencies for your application.

You can run Zipkin on in a Docker container by executing the following command:

docker run --rm -d -p 9411:9411 --name zipkin openzipkin/zipkin

Dependencies

To send your trace data to Zipkin, install the exporter package as a dependency for your application:

dotnet add package OpenTelemetry.Exporter.Zipkin

If you’re using ASP.NET Core install the OpenTelemetry.Extensions.Hosting package as well:

dotnet add package OpenTelemetry.Extensions.Hosting

Usage

ASP.NET Core

Configure the exporter in your ASP.NET Core services:

var builder = WebApplication.CreateBuilder(args);

builder.Services.AddOpenTelemetry()
    .WithTracing(tracing => tracing
        // The rest of your setup code goes here
        .AddZipkinExporter(options =>
        {
            options.Endpoint = new Uri("your-zipkin-uri-here");
        }));

Non-ASP.NET Core

Configure the exporter when creating a tracer provider:

var tracerProvider = Sdk.CreateTracerProviderBuilder()
    // The rest of your setup code goes here
    .AddZipkinExporter(options =>
    {
        options.Endpoint = new Uri("your-zipkin-uri-here");
    })
    .Build();

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